Heat Stress

As outside temperatures rise, the elderly are more prone to heat stress. Heat stress occurs when the body can't adequately cool itself or maintain a healthy internal body temperature. Normally, we cool ourselves through sweating, but sometimes this just isn't enough and the body's temperature keeps rising. Heat-related illness can range from mild conditions such as rash and cramps to more serious and potentially life threatening conditions like heat stroke. Heat stroke occurs when the body becomes unable to control its temperature, and the body temperature rises to 106F or higher. Heat stroke can happen in as little as 10 minutes and can cause death or permanent disability if emergency treatment is not immediately provided.

Be alert for the following warning signs of overheating or heat stroke:

• Very high body temperature
• Dry swollen tongue
• Nausea
• Rapid Pulse
• Red, hot and dry skin
• Throbbing headache
• Confusion or strange behavior

How to protect yourself and your loved one:

• Drink cool, nonalcoholic beverages
• Rest
• Take a cool shower or bath
• Wear lightweight clothing
• Do not engage in strenuous activities
• Limit tea and coffee
• If possible, seek an air-conditioned environment

The elderly require extra vigilance. Not only does the aging body have a harder time regulation its internal temperature, but the elderly often have a decreased thirst awareness. Taking certain medications can reduce the skins ability to sweat and may increases health issues like blood circulation problems which can put an elderly person at higher risk for overheating. If you have an elderly friend or relative who is currently living alone, check on them twice a day. Look for signs of dehydration and heat stress. If you see any of these warning signs of overheating or heat stroke, get help immediately.


Keith Ayers — Executive Director at Pacifica Senior Living Modesto

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Constipation: Cause and Treatment

Constipation is one of the most common disorders in Western societies, and its prevalence increases with age.  Many of the factors that predispose older adults to constipation are not a direct effect of normal aging, but are closely related to it. Fortunately, there are therapies which can improve this distressing condition.

Causes

A majority of people over 65 take one or more medications that effect nerve conduction and smooth muscle function.  Medications such as opioids, NSAIDS, calcium supplements, and various others increase the risk of constipation in older patients.  Other common risks include low-fiber diets, limited fluid intake, impaired mobility, and cognitive disorders.  Studies also show that there are distinct physiological changes which can affect colonic motility in older people. 

Treatment

Treatment should focus on education.  Informing patients about diet, exercise and bowel techniques, including evacuation timing, breathing, and the way they position themselves on the toilet, can be incredibly effective.

Depending upon the type of constipation, a routine that includes taking a fiber supplement mixed with 2 ounces of water every evening, can be a proven therapy. Additionally, adding a morning routine which begins with mild physical activity- just stretching in bed- a hot, preferably caffeinated beverage and possibly a fiber cereal followed by another cup of a hot beverage- all within 45 minutes of waking can increase the possibilities of effective evacuation.

Having a routine and an organized plan will provide patients with an improved quality of life. It offers more than the band-aide of taking a laxative, as laxatives really do not provide a long term solution, nor do they promote health.